Why Do We Have Wisdom Teeth?

Teeth function differently based on their placement. The sharp teeth near the front tear food into small pieces, while the flatter ones at the back grind the food. The flat teeth are known as molars and come in three sets. Most adults have four molars on the top and four on the bottom, on each side of the mouth. 

Humans develop a set of “baby” teeth that fall off, giving way to “adult” teeth. Only two sets of molars emerge when adult teeth erupt. The third set usually develops when the individual is between 17 to 21. 

Why Do Wisdom Teeth Develop?

Wisdom teeth, or the third set of molars, appear at the very back of the mouth. They are the last teeth to erupt, often appearing when the individual is older and “wiser,” hence the term wisdom. In the past, humans consumed foods that were tougher than what is available today. 

It may have necessitated the development of the third set of molars. Over time, the teeth have become less functional, and sometimes they do not erupt. Many people go through life without wisdom teeth. 

When Molars Develop

All the teeth are present at birth but are high up in the skull. The first set of baby teeth, 20 in number, erupt and fall out, making way for 32 adult or permanent teeth. The first set of molars emerges at around six years, and the second at age 12. 

The third set of molars (wisdom teeth) emerges before age 21. Many people believe that modern diets have reduced the need for wisdom teeth. It is why some people do not get wisdom teeth. 

Wisdom Teeth Eruption 

Studies suggest that 53% of individuals over 25 have at least one wisdom tooth. Men are more likely to get wisdom teeth than women. The jaw size can be a determining factor for wisdom teeth eruption. 

It is necessary to know that just because they are not visible does not mean they are not there. Sometimes, the teeth fail to erupt and remain under the gum. An X-ray can determine if an individual has wisdom teeth beneath the gums. 

Problems With Wisdom Teeth

The human jaw has become smaller with time. Some scientists suggest that as the brain has become bigger, the jaw size has reduced to cede some space. Problems with wisdom teeth are mainly due to inadequate space. 

When the teeth do not fit, issues can ensue, such as pain and infection. They can press against the nearby teeth, causing damage. When wisdom teeth do not erupt, they are considered impacted. 

Wisdom Teeth Infections

Wisdom teeth are more susceptible to infection than other teeth. Their position at the back of the mouth makes it difficult to clean them properly. This allows bacteria to multiply, causing tooth decay and gum disease. 

Medications and other dental treatments such as fillings can help deal with wisdom teeth problems. However, dentists may recommend removing wisdom teeth to prevent further complications. Removal is the best way to stop further discomfort. 

Wisdom teeth can be removed even when they are not infected. The main reason for this is as a preventative measure. Removal will help prevent crowding, which can damage or shift other teeth. Removal can reduce the need for orthodontic treatment in the future. 

For more on why we have wisdom teeth, call Oral Surgical Associates at (406) 282-8768 tour Missoula or Hamilton, Montana office.